Hidden hunger refers to a form of malnutrition caused by a deficiency in essential vitamins and minerals (micronutrients) that are necessary for the body to function properly. Unlike caloric hunger, which is more visible, hidden hunger often goes unnoticed because those affected may consume enough calories but lack vital nutrients such as iron, vitamin A, iodine, zinc, and others.

This silent epidemic affects over two billion people globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries where diets rely heavily on staple foods such as rice, maize, and wheat. Even in regions with strong food security hidden hunger can persist due to poor nutrient absorption or imbalanced diets.